WEBVTT

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Hi,
I'm David Don and this is Policy

c77930e8-d974-4fd8-b2b7-cac9993ca6dc-1
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Questions with a series where we explore
the intersection of policy,

c77930e8-d974-4fd8-b2b7-cac9993ca6dc-2
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technology and business.

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In this episode,
we are continuing our conversation with

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Michael Powell,
former FCC Chairman and current President,

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CEO of NCTA,
the Internet Television Association.

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We turn now to our industries move into
wireless connectivity and spectrum policy.

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Let's get right back into it.

1bbe4f01-6fbd-43f5-a937-f71cfcb99088-0
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The vast majority of wireless smartphone
traffic actually travels over Wi-Fi and

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not cellular.

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I think something like 90%.

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How should this influence the way
policymakers look at spectrum policy?

f81c9008-941c-4612-b4e7-8e795af4301e-0
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You know, if you're,
you're clear eyed about it,

f81c9008-941c-4612-b4e7-8e795af4301e-1
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to most consumers,
the Internet is a wireless experience.

1bdee28b-b1d9-451c-baf7-e42ab968b33b-0
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90% of the time that somebody's using the
Internet,

1bdee28b-b1d9-451c-baf7-e42ab968b33b-1
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they are using it over some wireless
infrastructure.

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The majority of that time is over Wi-Fi.

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You know, I,
I came here today on a train and I did my

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work over Wi-Fi on Acela.

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You know,
when I'm in my house and sitting in my

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living room looking something up,
I'm doing that over a Wi-Fi network

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provided in my house.

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Wi-Fi is the most beloved technology in
the history of technology.

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It is the most important adjacency to the
invention of the Internet itself.

67fbbe45-227d-4fa5-8131-ed03e3f123ff-0
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I'm old enough to remember when the
Internet was first invented.

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You know,
you're 60 bucks got you one connection to

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1 computer in your house, Wi-Fi,
turn that to environment where 8

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computers or any number of your, you know,
children, grandchildren, friends,

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family can be utilizing services in your
home all on that same $60.

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00 single connection.

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By the way,
when you go to watch Netflix or Peacock,

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how's that happening?

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It is usually happening over an Internet
connection that is spilling out that

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broadband to the TV over a Wi-Fi
connection.

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And as you mentioned,
up to 90% of all cell traffic goes over

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to Wi-Fi.

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So, you know,
mobile handsets on cellular are important,

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but they dwarf in comparison to the
significant importance of Wi-Fi and

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investing our technology and making sure
that service continues to strengthen,

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harden and grow.

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One of the things try to convince
policymakers is don't get too infatuated

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with, you know,
fixed exclusive wireless spectrum.

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Because the real need for the world and
the one that is most essential is really

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in the unlicensed place,
the space in which more innovators and

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Americans get to use the spectrum and not
just three big wireless companies who

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will then turn around and sell you a
service.

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Well,
why shouldn't a farmer be able to build

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his own network and utilize American
spectrum,

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which is an asset that belongs to the
American people for that purpose?

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And do you think policy makers get that
or hear that message?

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Not well enough.

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So, you know,
sometimes the worst thing you can have is

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a service people have taken for granted.

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Wi-Fi is so good, it's almost invisible.

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It's almost assumed.

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I don't know about you,
but if I have a house guest,

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the very first question after hello is
what's your Wi-Fi password?

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We, we depend on this.

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We count on this.

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We expect it.

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It's the kind of thing that you won't
know how bad it is until it's gone.

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And so part of our challenge in
Washington is to show regulators and

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convince them this is something like a
garden you have to continue to fertilize

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and grow.

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There are on average 17 devices in the
home on your Wi-Fi network today.

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I don't remember the, you know,
the data centric predictions,

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but you can be sure five years from now,
10 years now,

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those numbers are going to double and
triple.

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When artificial intelligence starts going
into every vacuum cleaner, coffee maker,

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television set in your home,
Those things are going to demand an

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Internet infrastructure plug into and
they're all going to have Wi-Fi built

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into them.

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So the future of technology is the future
of wireless.

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Wherever wireless,
unlicensed wireless spectrum goes,

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so goes the country's technological
innovations from my perspective.

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So your members,
Comcast being one of them,

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have also invested additional Wi-Fi and
other shared spectrum technology,

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CBRS being the most prevalent.

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What are your thoughts on the future of
sharing and, and, and spectrum sharing?

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It's an indispensable tool.

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So for years we've been allocating
spectrum that's available for commercial

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use,
but we've reached a point where there's

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no more spectrum in the closet.

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It's a finite resource.

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It's not an infinite source.

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And almost all of it is currently being
utilized by somebody.

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And you have to remember a lot of that
spectrum is utilized by public

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governmental entities who need it as much
as wireless company does.

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So for example,
the vast majority of high quality

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spectrum that the commercial markets are
interested in are in the hands of DODDOD.

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Is that spectrum to run Aegis cruisers in
the Pacific monitoring the actions of the

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Chinese and potential threats to Taiwan.

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They use it to monitor drone incursions.

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They use it to control missile guidance
systems.

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You can't just RIP it out of their hands
and hand it to a commercial 5G provider

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and think we've done something right.

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We've weakened our warfighter,
we weakened our national security defense.

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And so how do you resolve that problem
that, you know,

81308ba4-86e4-4b64-bf4d-e8b1c0ddf197-1
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you could try to do it by having
political wars Every time we need

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spectrum,
we're going to have a war between DoD and

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the commercial sector.

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And it's whoever gets the most powerful
senator,

4c2ec108-490a-4257-afae-0029e4186b09-1
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president or advisor to demand the result
they want wins that might,

4c2ec108-490a-4257-afae-0029e4186b09-2
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you might win one of those,
but you're going to lose the next one.

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You know,
our belief is that we need to start using

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technology that allows us to share bands
instead of give them away to one set of

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people.

1aa9ec76-5b2e-49f4-b8f9-3dfab39da698-0
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You know,
our proposals on a lot of the spectrum

1aa9ec76-5b2e-49f4-b8f9-3dfab39da698-1
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you're alluding to is, hey,
you don't have to take it away from DoD

1aa9ec76-5b2e-49f4-b8f9-3dfab39da698-2
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and you don't have to give it to the
commercial Spectre exclusively.

664f0f23-7d07-4074-b4c3-d65c1d9ffe84-0
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You can use sharing technology and we'll
use it,

664f0f23-7d07-4074-b4c3-d65c1d9ffe84-1
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and the wireless 5G guys will use it.

96152b73-65a8-4c11-934d-e4717a1d08cd-0
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And guess what?

453d2663-eca4-47c5-b681-fac27c8d9c84-0
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The Defense Department will still be able
to use it.

0e6f75af-a06a-4747-8f33-1f1f929c90bc-0
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And we will use dynamic spectrum sharing
technology to allow all of us to coexist

0e6f75af-a06a-4747-8f33-1f1f929c90bc-1
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in the same space without interfering
with each other.

31791e39-ca8e-4023-bd4a-d0f2a939ad66-0
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We've done that in what you referred to
as CBRS,

31791e39-ca8e-4023-bd4a-d0f2a939ad66-1
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which is a band in which this was done.

92815b8b-014f-4e5f-a312-b121d9f92bd5-0
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And the technology gets better by the day.

c9bdd8e2-4857-4e2f-bb3a-80dd8a5afd50-0
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It is the only solution over time for the
government,

c9bdd8e2-4857-4e2f-bb3a-80dd8a5afd50-1
00:06:20.235 --> 00:06:24.505
unless they just want to enjoy having a
fight between 4 star chairmans of the

c9bdd8e2-4857-4e2f-bb3a-80dd8a5afd50-2
00:06:24.505 --> 00:06:27.680
Joint Chiefs of Staff and the CEO of
Verizon or AT&T.

00744672-7887-4f84-8ee7-ccbef05e6ec9-0
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That's just not a very efficient way to
get the country's resources to market.

8ce82737-06f1-43da-a844-afad87a68504-0
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And if you share,
you can get them to market very quickly

8ce82737-06f1-43da-a844-afad87a68504-1
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because there's nothing to resolve.

49f50b68-e1ae-431a-9349-f16bdcc2e030-0
00:06:36.320 --> 00:06:37.800
No, you mentioned winners and losers.

2cde4456-25bc-43ab-b52a-fd6154b9f233-0
00:06:37.800 --> 00:06:41.480
Usually those are between companies in
Washington when we have these debates.

a24ecfa0-e1db-46b0-be6a-fc6cc3b69b6b-0
00:06:41.480 --> 00:06:44.480
But here you're talking about national
security and the losers.

6d7881ec-df08-4ab7-b907-c2caf2b842a6-0
00:06:45.240 --> 00:06:47.304
I mean,
the the cost of loss could be pretty

6d7881ec-df08-4ab7-b907-c2caf2b842a6-1
00:06:47.304 --> 00:06:48.680
significant, very significant.

00b52c4d-c13d-49f3-a9b0-b2ac5a5849cc-0
00:06:48.680 --> 00:06:51.289
And, you know,
I spent the first part of my career as a

00b52c4d-c13d-49f3-a9b0-b2ac5a5849cc-1
00:06:51.289 --> 00:06:53.480
soldier and I can tell you this stuff
matters.

a79c2592-fff9-4cd8-82aa-f7cab7add859-0
00:06:54.400 --> 00:06:58.057
You know, for example,
the recent conflict in the Middle East,

a79c2592-fff9-4cd8-82aa-f7cab7add859-1
00:06:58.057 --> 00:07:00.553
you know,
everybody celebrates the amazing

a79c2592-fff9-4cd8-82aa-f7cab7add859-2
00:07:00.553 --> 00:07:02.760
effectiveness of Israel's Dome, right?

a1ea2015-a6bd-4f1e-a1f3-4ca664abb9de-0
00:07:02.760 --> 00:07:06.280
The Iron Dome, you know,
hundreds of missiles inbound.

1ec153b7-e8cf-422e-96f1-9d5482334fda-0
00:07:06.280 --> 00:07:09.811
And those are being brought down by
systems that are guided,

1ec153b7-e8cf-422e-96f1-9d5482334fda-1
00:07:09.811 --> 00:07:13.749
how they're guided by highly
sophisticated wireless technologies in

1ec153b7-e8cf-422e-96f1-9d5482334fda-2
00:07:13.749 --> 00:07:16.760
order to steer that missile to hit
another missile.

2bca1e9d-f537-4ee3-aa3f-ba33d930f9f7-0
00:07:16.760 --> 00:07:18.720
That's a pretty complicated physics
problem.

c4542f80-d2c0-4e42-a995-241ca809d97a-0
00:07:18.960 --> 00:07:19.600
Think about it.

79126195-ebec-4cdd-ac4d-5298a0a146bd-0
00:07:19.680 --> 00:07:23.677
One second of latency,
one second of interference,

79126195-ebec-4cdd-ac4d-5298a0a146bd-1
00:07:23.677 --> 00:07:25.480
that much off you miss.

fe6e31f8-7ea8-489e-b333-ac75f188a6e6-0
00:07:25.960 --> 00:07:28.640
And if you miss that missiles coming into
your population.

3459b35f-d3cf-460c-8f53-c2d9880de52a-0
00:07:28.640 --> 00:07:31.280
And we're talking about trying to build
this Iron Dome in the US.

60e11ee0-bc22-49cc-8b22-721526f74d45-0
00:07:31.280 --> 00:07:35.184
President Trump has talked about wanting
to have something similar in the US And

60e11ee0-bc22-49cc-8b22-721526f74d45-1
00:07:35.184 --> 00:07:38.945
if we're going to do that for our safety
and security, which I would commend,

60e11ee0-bc22-49cc-8b22-721526f74d45-2
00:07:38.945 --> 00:07:42.512
you better be careful about pulling out
of the hands of the war fighters,

60e11ee0-bc22-49cc-8b22-721526f74d45-3
00:07:42.512 --> 00:07:44.200
the spectrum, they need to do that.

b23b52cf-6200-4e03-a5e3-3b2c5193446f-0
00:07:44.760 --> 00:07:46.770
Well, Michael,
this has been a great discussion,

b23b52cf-6200-4e03-a5e3-3b2c5193446f-1
00:07:46.770 --> 00:07:47.920
really great jumping around.

13b132f5-a786-4a04-9600-bc2e57e0b22e-0
00:07:48.240 --> 00:07:52.088
But before we let you go,
there's a question we like to ask all of

13b132f5-a786-4a04-9600-bc2e57e0b22e-1
00:07:52.088 --> 00:07:52.720
our guests.

406e4c0b-5f79-4855-8cc8-52e37e16fa0e-0
00:07:53.840 --> 00:07:57.600
What technology innovation excites you
most about the future?

1c7f60ab-61ec-4491-ab4b-71d4153946ca-0
00:07:58.760 --> 00:08:00.400
Well, the obvious answer would be AI.

23d5c975-b839-4fb7-852f-9f5835e06eb8-0
00:08:00.400 --> 00:08:03.402
It is going to be one of the greatest
tectonic shifts in the history of the

23d5c975-b839-4fb7-852f-9f5835e06eb8-1
00:08:03.402 --> 00:08:03.640
world.

4452817c-ebaf-43aa-a9a8-6e791875831f-0
00:08:04.320 --> 00:08:06.880
But that's too obvious to be honest.

c200d3cc-298d-4986-b5e0-9f314b64f71e-0
00:08:06.880 --> 00:08:11.329
This technology that most people do not
know about that will really transform

c200d3cc-298d-4986-b5e0-9f314b64f71e-1
00:08:11.329 --> 00:08:13.440
your life is in the Medical Sciences.

db7af565-64ba-44ca-b499-a79aee023e0b-0
00:08:14.480 --> 00:08:17.387
You know,
what I say to friends is if you can live

db7af565-64ba-44ca-b499-a79aee023e0b-1
00:08:17.387 --> 00:08:19.040
to 60, you might live to 110.

47bda20a-4e6d-40dc-a900-b8196771287c-0
00:08:19.440 --> 00:08:22.844
You know,
the exponential increases we're seeing to

47bda20a-4e6d-40dc-a900-b8196771287c-1
00:08:22.844 --> 00:08:28.017
the use of technology to prolong life,
improve health care for the elderly is,

47bda20a-4e6d-40dc-a900-b8196771287c-2
00:08:28.017 --> 00:08:29.000
is astonishing.

a3259bb9-bdc8-4aa5-8acb-03a70862811d-0
00:08:29.320 --> 00:08:33.561
And the most exciting things on the
horizon for most of us are the things

a3259bb9-bdc8-4aa5-8acb-03a70862811d-1
00:08:33.561 --> 00:08:37.631
that are going to improve our health,
allow us to live longer and more

a3259bb9-bdc8-4aa5-8acb-03a70862811d-2
00:08:37.631 --> 00:08:40.440
healthily into our later years than we do
today.

0f83ea16-492b-448f-8481-4c3d963df00a-0
00:08:40.760 --> 00:08:42.080
And that's a pretty good thing.

a5c3b235-7bed-4499-a858-8eee2ad58f45-0
00:08:42.080 --> 00:08:43.320
Immortality is a pretty good thing.

632106f2-9840-4e6d-8a3b-fb540cc39fcf-0
00:08:44.040 --> 00:08:44.640
Well, that's great.

5b2d6aaf-3020-4f36-9f35-cb934113f9f4-0
00:08:44.640 --> 00:08:45.400
Thanks, Michael.

00aced19-d3e9-4a20-94d4-3bc199c7eebc-0
00:08:46.320 --> 00:08:49.075
Michael,
thank you for being here today and thank

00aced19-d3e9-4a20-94d4-3bc199c7eebc-1
00:08:49.075 --> 00:08:51.720
you for joining us for this great
conversation.

ae9d0990-fc75-4621-bfd2-245e36d8b0da-0
00:08:52.480 --> 00:08:56.014
As a reminder,
part one of our discussion

ae9d0990-fc75-4621-bfd2-245e36d8b0da-1
00:08:56.014 --> 00:09:01.315
canbefound@comcastpolicy.com,
I'm David Don and this is policy

ae9d0990-fc75-4621-bfd2-245e36d8b0da-2
00:09:01.315 --> 00:09:03.839
questions with Michael Powell.

9fb90a5c-49e2-43dc-a71d-b837aade03d1-0
00:09:04.280 --> 00:09:05.440
We'll see you next time.